Manufacture of articles centrifugally



0d 20, 1925 s :,fsspev y c. w. wATsoN MANUFACTURE D? ARTICLESCEN'RIFUGALLY Filed auna 2'0, 192s s Smets-sheet D'QU mgm mnu DDU DDUDDU UUE (ma. 20, v9.25e

. 1,558,067 Q. W1. WATCN MMUFGTURE OW ARTYZCLES GEETIFUGALLY FHM un u-Sheet 3 CM ,Pz www. Z7 LQ v s sheets-smet' 4 C. W. WATSON MANUFACTUREop1 ARTICLES CENTRIFUGALLY filed Jun zo, 192s ntion concrete or likeplastic may be combined with the retainers e Wire reini'on .nent andthus proesired structures by centrifugal ack A l of the sont machine,omitting; the neer roller drawings an embodinremlfjartty front and 'ionon tmc ril-.l o

.meure -ros sections oi' )ort-ions of and butt-joied f* "ons of portionsof and stiieners,

itly C. t.

v Vy section il vien oi. mould wedge joint. lil-F ront View of onesectional View showing;

showing Side rien* ot the parts in Fig- 'cure lel-- 1ross section of a,lockingr bar, in lfigures 12 and 13, this bar also in Figure G.

-lross sec ion ot' a locking' bar.

es 1&2 and 13.

l and l'I-f-llau and side View of "r' oi a positioning ring,

lil snows an ation, partly ser a pipe f 'outam helical rein rceinentembedded i concrete.

Mesos? Figure 20-,lnd sectional View ot a rotor on line (1l-Q ol' Figurel and showing another type or" retainer.

Figure 2L-Front elevation showing au end of the rotor mounted ou partyol' the driving head of a reinforcement winding mechanism.

My illustrated mouldingjr machine consists of stationary and powertransmitting ele ments and adjuncts (for brevity 'allcd a stator) androtary moulding mechanism and adjuncts (for brevity called a rotor)`Thi-s machine is applicable for the production of plain, ornon-reinforced, as well as of reinforced concrete structures; in eachcase agglomerato `is moulded between enclosing elements.

A series ot bars D .is so arranged as to keep and retain inpredetermined position a contacting reinforcement R having convolutions,Whether said retainers superpose or e superposed by the reinforcement.The bars may be composite, with or Without a ferruginous element, orthey may consist of only one material. For convenience the bars willhereinafter be referred to as retainers.

The specification of the concurrent patent application aforesaid as toreinforcements for concrete and the like describes suitable retainers.Some particulars however of such retainers are for a convenientunderstandingr of the present invention hereinafter stated.

Some retainers D include a basic member a of suitable material, forinstance metal of any suitable form. and cross section, and a secondarymember or members. 7i, ot cementitious or agglomerato material ot anysuitable term and cross section, combined or associatml therewith.

But in some structures it is not desirable, necessary. or convenient toemploy a retainer having' part of its basic member uncovered by thesecondary element; l. then use retainers havingr the basic memberCompletely embedded in the secondary member.

'The retainers are contoured to oppose tendencies to displ:wementsnilparts in the structure containing the retainers, and to this end areprovided with suitable locking? surfaces according to the movement to beopposed. The edge of the retainer With which reinforcement 'will contactmay be flat, bulbous, muslurmmed. or curved. in cross section. orserrated` where desired; and these recesses assist to grip reinforcementin posi tion, and prevent the convolutions of' the latter creeping; orspreading and thus altering the. pitch. Similarly, agglomerato sur.

'faces of retainers are at will provided with notcl'ie-s, grooves or thelike.

On the stator bed or framing; 4 are mounted pedestals P. adjustablysecured by bolts 3 passing through selected holes in that framing,series of -such holes extending The said edge is recessed, notched,v

The bars illustrated in Figures l2 and lil have attached to them pieces48 which have screw threaded ends 4S to pass between ends of buttjointed plates l2 through the seat t5, and are locked by nuts 50.

Each end 49 may be long so as to pass through the annulus A, and bethereto locked b v a nut. But as shown in Figure 2 cach annnlus ma)v besecured to a seat S b v screw bolts 5l. l may use suitable substitutest'or these edging bars, and form arc ends to correspond.

For instalment, removal, or other purposesl l provide in some casesrings, hooks, holes, or the like not shown) on any mould,

core arc, and or lockingr bar, or on a plural-- ity thereof.

Instead of using the core described, .l employ in some cases a shell(not shown) of sheet material to be contracted centripetally whenrequired to facilitate installation and removal, its edges being ifrequired stili'ened longitudinally, and connected and secured by e.suitable locking bar.

rlhe mould M of the centrifugal machine is plain or ornamental, and hasa shell 33. Ur instead ot' a plain shell :$23. ornamental sheet materialmaj,Y be adopted having suitabl)v contoured edges, and be constructed soas to be capable of expansion for instalment and removal, theconfiguring arts il constituting' integral or other fittings. f When thecore is unsegmented these parts are advantafgeouslyv made entire, andrecessed, to provide an annular housing for the she l.

The mould may be in cross section circular, oval, or irregular. Theshell 33 is constructable ot'sections or arcs. and is provided withconfiguring parts 3l to produce the external design of the agglomeratostructure. rlhis shell is at will sectioned longitudinally, so thatintermediate of parts El other contiguring parts may be employed, as forthe production of ornamental structures.

Parts 54. have bevellcd surfaces and holt tlenges 53. There are crampingrings 54 having bevelled surfaces, drawn or forced over the 1o-actingsurfaces on parts 345C, and held by bolts 55 secured b v nuts. l

Longitudinal edges of arcs are shown butt jointed at 56, und stiltenedwith angle irons 57,Which carry half wedge blocks 538. As shown blocksare tapered at :'19 and are held 'by clamps 60, having means, shown aswedg- 'mg feces, to secure the mould parts together.

The mould is provided at will with means to facilitate its removal andreplacement.

Referring to Figure 2 I provide annulus A 4'Wit-h clutch transmissiongear of any approved type, and while a friction cl.1tch is therein showna tooth or other clutch may he adopted, the teeth engaging in recessesl-lV of annulus A', Figures l and ln'Figures l to 8 the annulus .l istilted vto allow oi securingr the said end.

retener at the dririnu end with a friction clutch element 19 having acollecting chamber, 61, to receive etiluent through annuli aperturesrEhe clutch element 19 has drainage apertures 63, and eiiiuent ducts 64,one at each end, so ithat a scoop in each case impinges on the innersurface ot' the collecting chamber, and receives efiluent carriedthereto by centrifugal torce, they ducts 6d leading the eli-lueur to anyconvenient points or" discharge. The use et collecting chamber 61 inclutch element 19 is subject to the use of e clutch as illustrated;Wheny a toothed clutch is employed the annuli A Figures l, 2 can be thesame at each end of the rotor.

'lhe upper part 66 (Figure 3) of duct 6st preferably telescopes with thelower part 67, and is provided with a, limiting collar GS resting on acollar 69. Part 66 is thus rotatable and easily detachable. The duct ispivotallv mounted,v as on bolt 70 in a bracket 7l, on a pedestal i); ifdesired there is a yieldingr member as a coiled spring. (not shown) tohold the scoop against the interior sui-tace ot the collecting chamber.

Referring to Figures 16 to 18 l show rein- Vforcement retainer grippingmeans. These means are rings 153 (see also Figure 2l) formed in arcs??pivotally united by bolts passed through holes 73, and tired as by nuts.The outer edge of each ring l53 may be returned to overlie the seatrecess 74k in Figure 2l, which is subsequently occuttnfed by configuringpr.'k s 34. Each are Ztl s of E. or other suitable cross section, to oneend of which an overlapping plate v75 is riveted, to receive the other(or unfurnished) end ot an adjoining are.

l provide, see Figures 17 and 18, retainer pliites 76 contoured to suitthe retainers. and spaced to provide `aps or recesses 7'?, to receiveand hold retainer ends in position during snperposingr ot' thereinforcement R. The ends of the vlatter are suitably secured, as in'each case by passing;` them through any snit-able hole. or holes y. seeFigure 1G. Although other holding,f means are usable, Figures 16 17 showa device for temporarily holding; an end of reinforcement lt. prior tocutting it Jfrom the suppl)1 reel. Secured to cach arc 72 is a fitting78 havin;lf a roulh surface 79. eccentric to`a pivot 90 which carries alever Si having a jaw face 82, which is ronfzh to co--act with surface79, to hold reinforcement R temporarily, the lever hein;i secured, as bya link 83 pivoted at Slt.

As moditication ot' the arrangement of the reinforcement. and retainers,a reinv forcement. is coiled or shaped on any suitable withdrawable orcollapsible core of the required diamete 1 and retainers. 'arranged tosuperpose 'the reinforcement coil, are secured llO geo

thereto in any suitable ii/ny,-eon'venienriy while the latter is onforming; core. A cage is thus constructed which ie inserted Within the.mouldl oi? the centrifugal man chine, vvitli the. retainer pieeeecontecting with the interior oi? the suine, und 'thus positioning thereinforcement. bln this rangement thex coro con be diepeiieed V2.' iidesired.

In any instance the rein ii'irceinent und the ferruginous members or theretainers n'niy be united by Welding electrically or any other method.

To provide tor vuriution in uligninen of the rotor vviili its drivingi`geur, l mount the clutch genion n Supported sha-it designedly in linewith, but independent oi', shui't i2; and insert any suitable flexiblecoupling bctween the meeting ends of the slielts.

lt is obvious that a pluralityof my 'een trifugnl machines could beinstalled in line, ond be geared to operate. siinulluiieously.

The rotor is then suitably rotated, und during` this process agglomeratomotorini is supplied to the core passing through the apertures 40 intothe moulding space there embedding the retainers l.) and the rein#forcement il. When this space is sulliciently filled, the rotor is,further revolved, und fast enough to consolidate the iig'g'lonierotematerial, und expel moisture thus expressible. v

`To lilouY space 'ior forming o smooth inner foce on the structure..said space may be incompletely filled with the agglomerote, and theremainingA space muy be supplied with neat cement or like material toproduce smoothness, which of value in those structures, such us pipes,in which loiv rew sistonce to fluid flow is deuil-:wle

During' V subjrtion oi' i'he constructionul nniternil 'to centriii julforce. owing to the specific jrnvily oi the cinistituents of thennitcriol, thc aqueous constituent flows cent ipetzilly through portsl0, und apertures 62 into the collecting chambers (il, in euch of whichit is intercepted by scoop (i5 und pussies through du -t (il to any conveulent point of discharge.

livhen ihe consolidation has been conipleted the duct scmips cnn bemoved clenr, and the .rotor "transferred to any Suitable stagin. where:innuli A nniy he removed, and if Adesired the moulded structure set onend, to i' t or dry on u. sont Si und Subsc qnenilythe loclrii' .if herel", core C, rings y upper sent S (when the rotor is set on end) :indmould` The order in which these elements moved muy be reverssul orvaried nt will.

A scraper or other suitable tool con be employed lo remove or .otherwisedeal with surplus .internal ziggliinierzii'e, So :is to louve n dressedund linished surface.

The concrete structure con be. left stond` ing further on the lowerseni: S, or een be .leid on e suitable trestle or bearer :is pre errcd,to harden and dry, or it muy he transferred to o steaming chamber, orhydruulic seesoning` tenir as desired. By ellowing the structure toremain. on the seat domage' to its jointing surface is avoidable.

For controlling supply and distribution of agglomerato to the rotor7 e.spiral or screw conveyor is usable, rotating within e tube or trough,arranged to be reciproceted or advanced und withdrawn, operated by rockgear us will he readily understood, though it is not illustrated, such aconveyor being well known.

'l'licre is n suitable supply hopper to feed agglomerato into the tubeinterior through one or more ports in the tube. The conveyor receivesagglomerato from thehopper during; reciprocations o1 the tube, theagglomerute being thus fed into the rotor, and distributed therefroin.During his distribution the rotor is rotated at any suitable Speed orspeeds.

eluio l. ln apparatus of the kind speciliedun ond nnnulus havingeiliuent apertures in combination with :i clutch portion having eiliuentapertures and an eluentI collecting chzunber.

2. ln :ippzirotus for forming agglomerato structures, :i clutch portionhaving en eiiluent` collecting chamber.

3. ln :in apparatus for forming .egg-loincrziie structures, e. Glut-chportion having an eiiiuent :eollecingD chamber, and ineens fordelivering etlluent therefrom.

il. in apparatus for forming agglomerato structures, u clutch portionhaving en efliuent collecting chamber, und euent delivery means inContact with the inner surface of seid chamber.

ln apparatus for forming aggioinerate siructures, e clutch portionhaving an eiuent collecting chamber and on eiuen':4 delivery duct havingits upper end in Contact with the inner surface of said chamber.

(3. in apparatus for forming agglomerato structures, a clutch portionhaving en eiliuent collecting chamber, und e. movably mounted eiliuentdelivery duct adopted to receive effluent therefrom.

7. lu apparatus for forming agglomerato.

structures, a clutch portion having an elilnont clnunber, and eliiuentdelivery duct provided "with :in uppendetuclieble port adapted to engagethe inner surface of said choinber, und kmeans for supporting seid duct.

8. ln :wiiipirzitus for forming agglomerato structures, u clutch portionhaving un eilucnt chamber, n lower duct section., means for sumioriingthe some, and en upper duo section removably mounted on the lowerSection und in Contact with the inner sui'- ruce of seid cheminer;

9.' In apparatus for forming agglomeratie structures, a clutch portionharing an etiiuent chamber, a lower duct section, means for supportingthe same, and an upper duct section removably, rotatably and telescoprcally mounted on said lower section and haring its free end providedWitli a scoop adapted to engage the inner wail of said efuent chamber toreceive eiiuent tlierefrom and 'guide it into said duct.

l0. in apparatus for forming aggl'oinerat structures, a rerolubleannulus7 a pair of stationary rollers, horizontally spaced and disposedto support' said annulus from beiow. a pair ol" rollers pivotallyinounted above said stationary rollers and adapted to be swung towardand from the axis ot said snnuius to engage and position annuli ofniierent diameters` means for limiting the movement oi' said protedrollers,` and ineans :tor locking said piroted rollers in adjustedpositions.

il. An apparatus for forming agglomerato structures coinprising'` a pairof revoluble annuli, a seat carried by cach unnulus, a second annuluscarried by each seat, a mould cylinder carried by said second annali,and a core carried by said seats.

l2. An apparatus for forming agglomerato structures comprising, a pairof revoluble annuli, a seat carried by each annulus, a second aunuluscarried by each seat, a mould carried by said second annuli, and a corecarried by said seats and comprising a, plurality of arcuate sections,interior strengthening ribs for said sections, and wedging means forconnecting said sections.

13. In apparatus for forming agglomerato structures, a core comprising aplurality of arcuate sections, interior strengthening; ribs therefor,and wedge connections between said sections. i

essere? 1li. ln apparatus for forming agglomerato structures, anannulus, a clutch member adapted to engage tlie sami a pirotaliy mountedann for actuatin clutch, and Worm gearing for 'act-natia .i6 erm.

15. In apparatus ifor formingA iigloinerate structures, an annulus,eline. member adapted to engage the sanit-`r a pii'otally f mounted erinconnected to said clutch. nieto.- ber and prorided with a worin andworin wheel adapted' to interniesli "itli saio worin gear to actualesaid erin.

1G. In apparatus for torni iggloinerate structures, a pair oi optimisedts, a core emnprising a plurality oi sections eacli liaringr oppositeends ated ir. said seats, and a pluralt)v oi' locking; liars carried bysaid. seais and coopei'alingi` with said sections to secure the sanic inoperative position.

1T. in apparatus tor forming; aggloitierate structures. a pair ofopposed seats, core comprising' a plurality ot ections cacli liar ing'opposite ends seated in said seats, a piurality of lotlcinsr barscarried by said seats and cooperating with s 'd sections secure tiiesaine in operatir osnion`r and wedgiiig elements carried by said barsand adapted, to engage said Core sections and Aforce tliein to operativeposition.

1S. in apparatus for forming agglomerate structures, a pair ot opposedseats, a perforated core haring' its opposite Grids seated in saidseats, a mold suppoitingn aanuius carried by eacli seat and concentrictherewith, a ruold comprising a pluri ity oi long/gi4 tudinal sectionscach haring its opposite ends seated in said annuli` and means forclamping said sections together aboutA the aforesaid core in spacedrelation thereto.

in witness whereof have hereunto set my hand.

